TRACE ELEMENT DISTRIBUTION AND IMPLICATIONS IN SEDIMENTS ACROSS THE ALLERØD–YOUNGER DRYAS BOUNDARY IN THE NETHERLANDS AND BELGIUM          下载免费PDF全文

ALEXANDRE V. ANDRONIKOV  ANNELIES VAN HOESEL  IRINA E. ANDRONIKOVA  WIM Z. HOEK 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2016,98(4):325-345

In the Northern Hemisphere, the Younger Dryas cooling occurred between 12.8 and 11.7 ka bp . This cooling is thought to have been the result of an abrupt change in atmospheric and oceanic circulations. One of the hypotheses explaining such a change suggests that just before the onset of the Younger Dryas cooling, multiple airbursts/impacts occurred over the Northern Hemisphere. We studied the late Pleistocene sediments from the Netherlands and Belgium to check whether a sudden short event might have taken place just before the onset of the Younger Dryas cooling. The geochemical features revealed suggest that such events might have occurred. The presence of products of biomass burning is suggested on the basis of trace element features of sediments from the lower Younger Dryas boundary. The presence of a volcanic component and a component resulting from extensive biomass burning in the sediments of c. 12.9 ka bp are indicated on the basis of trace element features. The volcanic component may be related to the Laacher See volcano eruption, whereas the cause of the extensive biomass burning remains unclear.  相似文献   

西藏结则茶卡湖岸沉积物中铀系年龄及意义     

杨俊峰  卢书炜  赵虹  崔霄峰  吕宪河 《地球科学与环境学报》2006,28(3):6-10

通过对藏北高原西北部结则茶卡湖泊及其沿岸地质地貌调查,发现其为一个富含硼、锂、钾、锶的封闭型盐湖,沿岸海拔4 850 m拔湖325 m有一条明显的高位湖岸线,该湖岸线到湖面之间有六级湖积阶地发育,六级以上阶地保存零星。沿湖岸不同高度上的湖积物U系年龄分别为(14.2±1.2)ka BP(T2)、(38.0±3.5)ka BP(T4)和(41.6±3.2)ka BP(T5)。湖面下降的幅度是藏北高原迄今所知最大。根据湖面平均下降速度推算高位湖岸线和高位湖积层的形成年龄在(120~90)ka BP,与东部的纳木错和西部的甜水海基本一致,说明藏北高原在晚更新世初期有一个明显的泛湖期。大约100 ka BP结则茶卡湖面开始下降,晚更新世以来湖泊演化是在封闭体系干旱环境下进行的,盐湖形成于14 ka BP左右,藏北高原在晚更新世以来气候变化可能为自西向东逐渐变为干寒。  相似文献   

Infilling of the Younger Kathmandu–Banepa intermontane lake basin during the Late Quaternary (Lesser Himalaya,Nepal): a sedimentological study     

H. G. Dill  D. R. Khadka  R. Khanal  R. Dohrmann  F. Melcher  K. Busch 《第四纪科学杂志》2003,18(1):41-60

The Kathmandu and Banepa Basins, Central Nepal, are located in a large syncline of the Lesser Himalayas. The Older Kathmandu Lake evolved during the Pliocene and early Pleistocene; the Younger Kathmandu Lake, which is the focus of this study, is infilled with late Quaternary sediments. Three formations, arranged in stratigraphical order, the Kalimati, Gokarna and Thoka Formations formed during the infilling stage of this lacustrine basin. Structural and textural sedimentological analyses, a chemical survey across the basin and mineralogical investigations of fine‐grained sediments form the basis of this palaeogeographical study. The basin under investigation was covered by a perennial freshwater lake before 30 000 yr BP. The lake was infilled with alluvial and fluvial sediments delivered mainly from the mountains north of the basin. A fairly low gradient was favourable for the formation of diatomaceous earths, carbonaceous mudstones and siltstones, which were laid down in the centre of the lake and in small ponds. Towards the basin edge, lacustrine sediments gave way to deltaic deposits spread across the delta plain. Crevasse splays and anastomosing rivers mainly delivered suspended load for the widespread siltstones and mudstones. The proximal parts of the alluvial–fluvial sedimentary wedge contain debris flows that interfinger with fine‐grained floodplain deposits. Three highstands of the water‐level (>30 000 yr BP, 28 000–19 000 yr BP, 11 000–4000 yr BP (?)) have been recognised in the sedimentary record of the younger Kathmandu Lake in the Late Quaternary. Second‐order water‐level fluctuations are assumed to be triggered by local processes (damming by tectonically induced landslides). First‐order water‐level fluctuations are the result of climatic changes. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Luminescence dating of sand–loess sequences and response of Mu Us and Otindag sand fields (north China) to climatic changes     

Yali Zhou  Huayu Lu  Jiafu Zhang  Joseph A. Mason  Liping Zhou 《第四纪科学杂志》2009,24(4):336-344

The sand–loess transition zone in north China is sensitive to climate change, and is an ideal place to investigate past environmental changes. However, past climate change at millennial–centennial timescales in this region has not been well reconstructed because of limited numerical dating. Alternations of sandy loam soils with aeolian sand layers in the Mu Us and Otindag sand fields, which lie along the sand–loess transition zone, indicate multiple intervals of dune activity and stability. This change is probably a response to variations of the East Asian monsoon climate during the late Quaternary. The single aliquot regeneration (SAR) optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating protocol, which has been successfully applied to aeolian deposits worldwide, is applied to these two sand fields in this study. The OSL ages provide reliable constraints for reconstruction of past climate changes at suborbital timescale. Sections in both sand fields contain aeolian sand beds recording millennial‐scale episodes of dry climate and widespread dune activation, including episodes at about the same time as Heinrich Event 5 and the Younger Dryas in the North Atlantic region. These results demonstrate the potential of aeolian sediments in semi‐arid north China to record millennial‐scale climatic events, and also suggest that dry–wet climate variation at the desert margin in China may be linked to climatic change elsewhere in the Northern Hemisphere, through atmospheric circulation. This article was published online on 27 November 2008. An error was subsequently identified. This notice is included in the online and print versions to indicate that both have been corrected (16 December 2008). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Late Quaternary landscapes in Central Australia: sedimentary history and palaeoecology of Puritjarra rock shelter     

M. A. Smith 《第四纪科学杂志》2009,24(7):747-760

Puritjarra rock shelter provides a long record of late Quaternary vegetation in the Australian arid zone. Analysis of the sedimentary history of this rock shelter is combined with reanalysis of charcoal and phytolith records to provide a first‐order picture of changing landscapes in western Central Australia. These show a landscape responding to increasing aridity from 45 ka with deflation of clay‐rich red palaeosols (<45 ka) and sharp declines in grassland and other vegetation at 40–36 ka, and at the beginning of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) (24 ka). Vegetation in the catchment of the rock shelter recovered after 15 ka with expansion of both acacia woodland and spinifex grasslands, registering stronger summer rainfall in the interior of the continent. By 8.3 ka re‐vegetation of local palaeosols and dunes had choked off sediment supply to the rock shelter and the character of the sediments changed abruptly. Poaceae values peaked at 5.8 ka, suggesting the early–mid Holocene climatic optimum in Central Australia is bracketed between 8.3 and 5.8 ka. Local vegetation was disrupted in the late Holocene with a sharp decline in Poaceae at 3.8 ka, coinciding with an abrupt intensification of ENSO. Local grasslands recovered over the next two millennia and by 1.5 ka the modern vegetation appears to have become established. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

The magnetic properties of Quaternary and Tertiary sediments in the southern North Sea     

R. Thompson  T. D. J. Cameron  C. Schwarz  K. A. Jensen  V. Van Maenhaut Lemberge  L. P. Sha 《第四纪科学杂志》1992,7(4):319-334

Cores from boreholes penetrating late Quaternary, glacial, interglacial and postglacial sediments and the underlying late Cenozoic delta complex of the southern North Sea have been examined for their magnetic properties. A magnetic polarity stratigraphy has been established as an aid to biostratigraphic dating of the sediments; the Kaena-Gauss and Gauss—Matuyama transitions and the base and top of the Olduvai subchron have been identified. The strength and stability of laboratory-induced isothermal remanent magnetisation display clear magneto-petrological variations, which match lithostratigraphic changes in the cores. Principal component analysis has picked out a basin-wide and palaeoenvironmental consistency in the magnetic data. Large, multi-domain magnetite grains predominate in the post-deltaic and fluvio-deltaic sediments, whereas smaller greigite or titanomagnetite grains are concentrated in the intertidal and marine deltaic facies. Since heavy mineral analysis indicates that most of the deltaic detritus derived from common source areas, the differences in magnetic mineralogy have probably been caused by the sediment transport processes operating within the delta complex.  相似文献   

ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES IN THE EASTERN CHINA DURING THE LATE PLEISTOCENE     

杨达源  冯文科  赵希涛 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1992,2(4):329-336

The environmental changes during the Late Pleistocene were more obvious in the eastern China than in other areas at the same latitude, which either between northern and southern, or between land and sea of the eastern China were mostly non-synchronous. The transitional period prior to the last glaciation came about in the northern part of the eastern China about 115,000 yr. ago. The desert environments of the inland of the north China were developed both in the glacial maximum and in the warm interglacial period, but the loess accumulation mostly took place during the glacial period. The sand dunes and the periglacial solifluctions in the lower Changjiang (Yangtze) River region were formed during the last glacial period. The event of lowest surface temperature occurred at 98,000 yr. B.P. and 59,000 yr. B.P. in the northern part of the South China Sea but not during the full-glacial stage. The phenomena mentioned . above were the result of the following reasons that the paleo-environmental changes in the  相似文献   

“崆峒山组砾岩”形成演化的动力学机制分析     

宋立军  赵靖舟  袁炳强  刘池洋  吴冲龙 《大地构造与成矿学》2009,33(4)

查明"崆峒山组砾岩"形成的动力学环境是认识鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘的盆地原型、构造属性、华北克拉通西部破坏的关键。采用野外调查、取样与室内测样分析相结合的方法,系统研究了"崆峒山组砾岩"的沉积特征、裂变径迹热史,在此基础上以盆山耦合思想为指导,结合区域及深部背景资料,认为崆峒山组砾岩形成于秦祁海槽剪刀式闭合导致的右旋走滑区域背景下,走滑使位于砾岩西侧的青铜峡-固原古断裂复活,控制了崆峒山组砾岩形成。砾岩形成的动力学过程,可分为早期(231～218Ma)走滑拉张断陷沉积阶段,晚期(231～205Ma)走滑挤压坳陷沉积阶段和末期(205～195Ma)隆升剥蚀改造阶段,其分别与裂变径迹热史重建的砾岩快速增温、缓慢降温、快速冷却三个阶段相对应。崆峒山组砾岩埋藏增温的时刻及其形成演化的动力学过程表明,崆峒山组砾岩应为晚三叠世沉积。  相似文献   

Middle and late Pleistocene glaciations in the Campo Felice Basin (central Apennines, Italy)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Carlo Giraudi  Giulia Bodrato  Nicola Cipriani  Biagio Giaccio 《Quaternary Research》2011,75(1):219-230

The present paper refers to research conducted in the tectonic-karst depression of Campo Felice in the central Apennines (Italy), in which glacial, alluvial and lacustrine sediments have been preserved. Stratigraphic interpretations of sediments underlying the Campo Felice Plain are based on evidence obtained from nine continuous-core boreholes. The boreholes reach a depth of 120 m and provide evidence of five sedimentation cycles separated by erosion surfaces. Each cycle is interpreted as an initial response to a mainly warm stage, characterized by low-energy alluvial and colluvial deposition, pedogenesis, and limited episodes of marsh formation. In turn, a mainly cold stage follows during which a lake formed, and glaciers developed and expanded, leading to deposition of glacial and fluvioglacial deposits. The chronological framework is established by eleven accelerator mass spectrometer ¹⁴C ages and three ³⁹Ar-⁴⁰Ar ages on leucites from interbedded tephra layers. These age determinations indicate five glacial advances that respectively occurred during marine oxygen isotope stages 2, 3-4, 6, 10 and 14.  相似文献   

我国南方晚稻孕穗期旱灾指标试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孔萍  殷剑敏  肖金香  李迎春 《气象科技》2010,38(4):500-503

根据我国南方晚稻孕穗普遍期后对干旱最敏感这一特点,分别在江西南昌、湖北荆州、湖南长沙3个试验站设计了孕穗普遍期后7d、10d、13d、16d和直至植株死亡5种干旱天数。试验结果表明:干旱天数与穗粒数、穗结实粒数呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.956和-0.959。随着干旱天数增加,土壤湿度逐渐减少,减产率上升。当干旱18d时,土壤湿度临界值为5.57%,植株死亡。用线性和非线性回归拟合干旱天数、土壤湿度、减产率三者之间的方程,分别以土壤湿度、减产率作为评价因子得出干旱灾害评价标准。经鉴定,自大田土壤上层无水开始干旱6～7d,晚稻受到轻度灾害;干旱8～11d,晚稻受中度灾害;干旱12d以上受重度灾害。  相似文献